Saturday, 9 August 2025

Captain William Cust, St Walfrum, Grantham, Lincs. The Monument with Bust by Henry Cheere of 1749, and Naval Monuments from the Workshop of Henry Cheere.



 

Some brief notes and images.

This work is ongoing and will be added to as more information turns up.

Henry Cheere seemed to have had something of a monopoly in providing the monuments for Naval Officers.

Admiral Sir Thomas Hardy. Captain Phillip de Sausmaurez, in Westminster Abbey, the Malloy Monument at Shadoxhust, and Matthew Michell at Chitterne, Wilts etc.


The Monument to Captain William Cust (d. 1748).

Grantham, Lincs.


Captain William Cust, of the Boston, who, with the Rear Admiral's permission, was serving as a volunteer on board the Elizabeth.

He was killed in action 8 March 1748 at Port Louis, Hispaniola (now the Island of Haiti and Porto Rico)

The family of Captain William Cust, who according to surviving correspondence were deeply affected by his death, channelled all of their feelings of loss into a punctilious concern that the bust upon his monument (erected Grantham, Lincolnshire 1749) should be a good likeness (Silent Rhetoric - Craske Yale 2007). 

Henry Cheere, was made to repeat his terracotta sketches of William's bust more than three times in order to achieve the chosen effect for the funeral monument erected at Grantham, Lincolnshire -

On July 18th 1747 Peregrine Cust wrote from the family house in Downing Street to his family in Lincolnshire that he had "been to see Cheere, the statuary, who has two busts of my late brother, both unlike, he is making a third from Sir John's picture which does not promise to be like.


Notable for the mention of the maquettes or models for the bust on the monument.













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The Mural Monument to Commodore Matthew Mitchell d. 1752.

All Saints Church, Chitterne, Wiltshire.

c.1753/3.

Photographs taken by the author.


Written by Sir John Knox Laughton Naval Historian; Professor of Modern History, King's College, London.

MICHELL or MITCHELL, MATTHEW (d. 1752), commodore, was promoted to be lieutenant of the Advice with Captain William Martin [q. v.] on 11 April 1729. He afterwards served in the Royal Oak and Ipswich, and in August 1738 was promoted to the command of the Terrible bomb, employed in the North Sea. 
In 1740 he commanded the Swift sloop in the Channel; and in June 1740 was posted to the Pearl frigate, one of the squadron which, on 18 Sept. 1740, sailed for the South Seas under the command of Commodore George (afterwards Lord) Anson [q. v.] 

At Madeira he was moved into the Gloucester of 50 guns, the only ship of force, besides the Centurion, which doubled Cape Horn and reached Juan Fernandez. The sufferings of her crew from scurvy and want of water had been very great, and many men had died. When the few survivors had recovered their health, and with such reinforcements as circumstances permitted, the Gloucester rejoined the commodore off Paita in November 1741, continued with him during the remainder of his cruise on the American coast, and sailed with him for China. The sickness broke out again worse than before, and in a violent storm the ship lost her topmasts and sprang a leak. With jury-topmasts she sailed so badly as to endanger the safety of her consort; she had only sixteen men and eleven boys able, in any way, to do duty, and many of these were sick. She had seven feet of water in the hold, and there were no means of freeing her or of stopping the leak. It was therefore determined to abandon her and set her on fire.

Michell, with the miserable remnant of his ship's company, went on in the Centurion to Macao, whence he took a passage home in a Swedish ship. He arrived in England in June 1743, and in October was appointed to the Worcester, in which he joined the fleet under Sir John Norris in January 1743-4. 

He was afterwards commodore of a small squadron on the coast of Flanders and off Dunkirk, on which service he continued until March 1748, when, on the plea that his private affairs required his presence in England, he was permitted to resign his command. 

In 1747 he was elected member of parliament for Westbury. He died 'in the prime of life,' 29 April 1752. 

He married in 1749 Frances, daughter of Mr. Ashfordby of Norfolk Street, London, with whom, it was announced, he received a fortune of £20,000.

For a brief history of the two Churches, formerly at Chitterne see-



















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Admiral Sir Charles Malloy.

Shaddoxhurst, Kent.

Henry Cheere.

1760.
















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Sir Thomas Hardy.

Henry Cheere.

1737.

Westminster Abbey.

It was designed by Sir Henry Cheere in 1737 as a match for that to John Conduitt which is on the other side of the west door.

Note the hairy paw feet on the sarcophagus.

The Monument still very much in the Gibbsian, Rysbrack tradition.


The monument is inscribed -

Near the west door of the Choir lieth interr'd the body of Sr THOMAS HARDY Knt. who died the 16 of August 1732 in the 67 year of his life and according to the directions of his will was buried in the same grave with his wife, who died the 28 of April 1720. He was born in Jersey and descended from Clement Le Hardy who removed from France and settled in that island, and was made a Justice (commonly call'd there a Jurat) in 1381, and was succeeded in the same office by his son and grandson: his great grandson Clement was made a Leiutenant Governor, and had the office of Bailiff (or cheif magistrate) of the island, with the Seigneurie de Meleche confer'd upon him for life by Henry the 7, as a reward for the most important service he had rendered him when Earl of Richmond, after the disappointment he had met with in his first attempt upon England, where being separated from the rest of his fleet by a storm he landed privately in Jersey, intending to stay there till he could obtain leave from the French king to come into his dominions, and was shelter'd at the house of the said Clement, who protected him and convey'd him safely to Normandy at the hazard of his own life, notwithstanding a proclamation from Richard the 3 for apprehending the said Earl, had been publish'd in the island; his descendants have on all occasions distinguish'd themselves to the utmost of their power by thier loyalty & fidelity to the Crown.



Photograph by the author, who was getting tired!







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Thomas Bertie, (d. 1749)

St Nicholas Church, Chiselhurst, Kent.













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The Monument to Henry Medley.

York Minster.

Henry Cheere.

1747/8.

Note particularly the use here of the hairy paw feet of the sarcophagus and the battle scene relief.

In Memory of The Honourable Henry Medley, Vice Admiral of the Blue, and Commander in Chief of the Mediterranean, who died at Savona Aug 5th 1747. Inscribed: He was son to Robert Medley Esq, by Dorothy daughter to William Grimston of Grimston Garth Esq. He married Ann, daughter and heiress to Nathaniel Goche merchant in Hull by Dorothy sister to Thomas Grimston Esq Grandson to the Above named William and had issue by her one daughter who died young.

Web photograph from

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Monument_to_Henry_Medley,_York_Minster#/media/File:Memorial_to_the_Hon._Henry_Medley_in_York_Minster.JPG


















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Monday, 4 August 2025

The Monument to James Cooper and his Wife attributed to Henry Cheere and the Monument to Sir Thomas Foote and his wife, Both monuments are in All Saints Church, West Ham, Essex.

 

The Monument has been attributed to Henry Cheere.

James Cooper d.1745.

His wife had predeceased him by many years and the head of her statue is probably idealised.

The squarish nose on the head of his wife looks very similar to that of the Hon. Elizabeth Maynard on the monument at Little Easton Essex of 1746 - that monument is by the Dane Stanley who was working in England from 1718 - 1746 when he returned to Denmark. 


The figures on the monument are perhaps by Louis Francois Roubiliac.

This is dangerous territory for me and I might be doing Henry Cheere a huge disservice but I fail to be convinced that Henry Cheere was responsible for sculpting much of the sculpture given to him in particular the portrait busts. That is not to say that he didn't design or superintend their manufacture in his workshops at Old Palace Yard, and Millbank, Westminster.


It was made at about the same time as the Cheere Monument to the 13th Earl of  Kildare at Christchurch, Dublin - This remarkable, innovative and most theatrical monument was completed by 6 September 1746 when reported in London Evening Post - 'on Wednesday last the Right Honourable Earl of Kildare viewed the fine and curious monument made by Mr Cheere an eminent statuary, in Westminster to the memory of his father'. See -


https://bathartandarchitecture.blogspot.com/2016/10/monument-to-13th-earl-of-kildare.html


The Cooper Monument is inscribed -

James Cooper... who... Desired that under his EFFIGIE after his Name and Age to be Written this (or to this Purpose): I Believed // In one God, Father, Son and Holy Ghost, // Also the Resurrection // And whilst I liv d, I Firmly put my trust // In his Divine protection. // But now interrr d, I m cover d or e [over] with Dust, // Reader prepare, for there unto you must.




































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The Monument to Sir Thomas Foote and his wife.

William Stanton (1639 - 1705).

Also in All Saints Church, West Ham.





















Plaster Bust of George III at Paxton House.

 


George III.

Anonymous sculptor

Height 70 x W 49 x D 29 cm.

Paxton House, Berwick upon Tweed.

The turned socle would perhaps suggest a later 18th century cast.

Images here courtesy art uk website

The quality, size and detail of the embroidery on the coat suggest to me the workshop of John Cheere and a near contemporary to the bust by John van Nost III of 1767, (see below) or perhaps slightly later.

Unfortunately there no surviving printed lists of the works of John Cheere (if there ever was one) and so far no copies of his posthumous sale catalogue have appeared



























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King George III,by John van Nost the Younger, 1767.

It is housed in the British Museum, London; lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum, London.

see -

https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O75361/george-iii-bust-nost-john-van/









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I have written at some length on plaster busts and statuary in the 18th and early 19th centuries see -


The only bust of George III that I can locates is a bust sold by Messrs Shout of Holburn in their list of c. 1805 - the size given is the not very helpful 12 - 18 inches.

see my post -

https://bathartandarchitecture.blogspot.com/2025/03/charles-harris-of-strand-plaster-casting.html





Friday, 1 August 2025

An as yet unidentified very fine Marble Bust in the Lady Lever Art Gallery,

 



A Mid 18th Century Marble Bust.

At the Lady Lever Art Gallery, Port Sunlight.

What might be described as a very fine late Baroque marble portrait bust.

Probably Italian.

Exceptional quality.

The socle/base is almost certainly a replacement.

The representation of the texture on the sleeve and the shirt collar are particularly notable,

but who does it represent? and who sculpted it?

Dangerous to say but the slightly bulging eyes might suggest a member of the Royal family!!


Is this a bust by Giovanni Antonio Cybei (1706 - 1784)?

This post and my previous post was also, was in part, prompted by my attendance to the  most enjoyable and enlightening conference at the Victoria and Albert Museum - Academy, Market, Industry: Sculpture between Britain and Italy. 16 /17 May 2025 - Hosted by Kira d'Alberquerque,  Adriano Aymonino and Albertina Ciani Sciollaand with the able assistance of Malcolm Baker.


Sometimes there is a peculiar serendipity to my researches - some years ago I had visited the Lady Lever Art Gallery at Port Sunlight in order to inspect and photograph an anonymous bust by Peter Scheemakers and a very poor bust of Oliver Cromwell supposedly sculpted by, but definitely not Roubiliac.


Whilst revisiting the files  I alighted upon the photographs of the bust below this, followed my reviewing photographs of the sculpture at the Fitzwilliam Cambridge and my rediscovery of the photographs of Edward Chapman Bird and his brother Christopher almost certainly carved by Giovanni Antonio Cybei (1706 - 1784).


For the busts of the Chapman Bird Brothers marble merchants of Millbank see - see my previous post.


https://bathartandarchitecture.blogspot.com/2025/07/edward-chapman-bird-1715-92-marble.html


























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Portrait of Peter Leopold of Habsburg-Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany.

Giovanni Antonio Cybei (1706 - 1784).

Marble Bust.

1771.

In the National Museum of the Royal Palace, Pisa,  Regional Directorate of Museums of Tuscany.





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Edward Chapman Bird.

 by Giovanni Antonio Cybei (1706 - 1784).




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I post the images below because it could be suggested that the bust at the Lady Lever Art Gallery might be ascribed to Pelliccia, but if the bust below is representative of the quality of his work I would suggest that the sculptures of Cybei have the edge in quality particularly in his representation of the fabrics and hair.

This is particularly noticeable on the sleeve of  the bust illustrated above of the Grand Duke.

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The Portrait bust of Granduca Pietro Leopoldo I di Toscana.

Domenico Andrea Pelliccia (1736 - 1821).

Marble h. 80 x 65 cm.

With Dealer Walter Padovani of Milan, Italy.

https://www.walterpadovani.com/it/

Provenance.

Sotheby’s, “Collection Violette De Talleyrand, Duchesse De Sagan, Former Collection Gaston Palewski”, 18 marzo 2010, Parigi, lotto36; Collezione privata, USA.

Bibliography

A. Fusani, “Pietro Leopoldo I Granduca di Toscana. Un ritratto inedito. Domenico Andrea Pelliccia (1736 - 1821)”, Walter Padovani, Milano 2024.


For a very good in detail survey of this work and its creator see -

https://www.walterpadovani.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Pietro_Leopoldo_I_ITA_ENG.pdf


The images below from the excellent website of Walter Padovani.

https://www.walterpadovani.com/it/portfolio-item/domenico-andrea-pellicciaportrait-of-grand-duke-pietro-leopoldo-i-of-tuscany/




















































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Of tangential interest.

https://www.finestresullarte.info/en/travelnotebooks/1962v_the-restoration-of-the-monument-to-grand-duke-pietro-leopoldo-in-livorno.php


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A very fine Mid 18th Century Terracotta Bust with Milan dealer Walter Padovani. They say circa 1749 .

 Terracotta; height 51.5 cm.

 https://www.walterpadovani.com/portfolio-item/prince-hoareportrait-of-sir-horace-mann/

 

The provenance is given as  from a Private Collection! Discovered by Dr Silvia Davoli, Head Curator at Strawberry Hill.

 Suggested as a Portrait of Sir Horace Mann (1706 - 1786) by Prince Hoare (b. Eye? Cambridge, 1711 - Bath, 1769).

  My knowledge of 18th Century Italian portrait sculpture is very limited but ....

I remain to be convinced that it is either a portrait of Horace Mann or by Prince Hoare.

I have posted on this bust previously.

https://bathartandarchitecture.blogspot.com/2025/01/is-this-bust-horace-mann-by-prince-hoare.html