Silvanus Bevan (1691 - 1765)

        Silvanus Bevan II, FRS (1691 - 1765). 

                  Quaker Apothecary and Amateur Sculptor.

Silvanus Bevan II was born on 28 October 1691, the second son of Silvanus Bevan I (b. 9 August 1661 - d. Swansea. 14 November 1727) - he was the fourth, but second surviving son of William Bevan.

Silvanus Bevan I was Burgess of the City of Swansea.  Possessed property at Penclawdd Llanrhidian, on the north side of the Gower Peninsula, South Wales which he bought on 9 November, 1694 from Richard Davis and Joan, his wife, for 8 pounds.  Various farms and lands were bought including Gwen-y-Goredd, Tyry Gorge, and the Marsh and Lands adjacent to the sea.

Silvanus Bevan I married Jane Phillips in 1685 and they had five sons and six daughters.

Notes - For more on Silvanus Bevan I see - Tory Industrialism and Town Politics: Swansea in the Eighteenth Century. The Historical Journal, Vol. 28, No. 1. (Mar., 1985), pp. 103-123. Philip Jenkins
 
Chapter VI, p.116
"From the 1690s Beaufort's two chief agents were Watkins and Jeremiah Dawkins, the son of Rowland.  Both were remarkable allies for a 'Jacobite' peer, but perhaps stranger was to come.  In the next century, the Beaufort industrial affairs were administered by the leaders of Swansea's substantial Quaker community.  The first of this group to join the Beaufort interest was Silvanus Bevan, who had suffered frequent persecutions at the hands of both puritans and Anglicans.  Bevan managed the Duke's interest until his death in 1725, when he was succeeded in office by two fellow-Quakers, his son Paul, and his son-in-law James Griffiths.  Throughout the mid-eighteenth century, Beaufort's followers in Swansea were led by a tight-knit group of Quakers, whose family ties connected them to the national leadership of the sect, families like the Barclays and Gurneys".

see also - The Bevan family are discussed in NLW, Badminton MSS; and Swansea University Library, Morris MSS, 'History of the copper concern',

Dictionary of Welsh Biography; R.O. Roberts, 'Dr John Lane' in Gower, IV (1951), 18-24;

R.P. Roberts, 'History of Coalmining in Gower' (MA thesis, University of Wales, 1953);

G. Grant-Francis, The smelting of copper in the Swansea district (London, 1881).

A. Rastrick, Quakers in science and industry (Newton Abbott, David and Charles, 1968), pp.283-8

1715. July 5th Silvanus Bevan II. Apprentice of Thomas Mayleigh, having served 7 years and paid a fine of £6:9 for ye remainder of his time according to ye order of the Court of assists, was examined, approved sworn and made free.

Note - Thomas Mayleigh, Apothecary was at the sign of the Black Swan and Plough at Gracechurch St. in the precinct of St Leonards Eastcheap, pre 1700 until 1715 and then at the Sign of the Black Boy, Gracechurch St in the precinct of St Benet Finc. Mayleigh was originally from the Swansea area, although his father had premises at Wapping. He served on the Governing body of the Apothecaries Soc.

Recently a Mayleigh account book and family history has been deposited with the Apothecaries. Entries start in 1693 with year end accounts until 1715, more detailed accounts appear after 1715 until 1732 when he died. Unfortunately there is no mention of Silvanus Bevan.There is an entry in 1718, folio 255 which mentions a payment of £5 to Anthony Neate

Information on Mayleigh from Nicholas Wood (Society of Apothecaries)

On 10 Nov. 1715 Silvanus Bevan married Elizabeth Quare daughter of Daniel Quare, citizen and clockmaker of Exchange Alley, London, clockmaker to the court, at the Quaker Meeting House in White Heart Court, Gracechurch Street. His address was given as Cheapside.

From The Library at The Society of Friends Euston Road, London - Mss. Folio, 30, p.58.

The Marriage certificate of Silvanus Bevan of Cheapside, Citizen and Apothecary of London, son of Sylvanus Bevan of Swanzey in the county of Glamorgan, South Wales and Elizabeth Quare, daughter of Daniel Quare of Exchange Alley, Citizen and Clockmaker of London on 10/11/1715.

Scan from Plough Court...... List of Guests and relations who signed the marriage certificate of Silvanus BevanII and Elizabeth Quare

 A letter from Rebecca Osgood, the daughter of Salem Osgood, written nearly two months after describes the wedding of Silvanus Bevan to Elizabeth Quare.

“As to ye wedding I dont know but ye hast had an account of it before this but I will give ye the best account I am capable of, being of the invited gest. Ye Prince and Princess and moust of ye quality was invited and they gave them some hopes of honouring them with their company till ye night before and then thay sent word yt they could not come, nor none of ye quality which had places, because of ye actt which obliges them to go into no meeting - but thare was several of ye quality yt had no places, ye Dutchess of Marlbourow was there, and ye Lord Finch, ye lady Cartwrite, ye Venetian Ambascior and his lady and a lady who is governess to ye young princesses hous name I forgot and severl other persons of distinction. They desiered yt ye meeting be put of till one of ye clock which was done.

According from thence we went to Skiners Hall whare we dined they gave a very splendid dinner as could be and ye quality was mightily pleased both with ye ceremony of ye marriage and thayre entertainment as to ye young couple they came off very well. Ye bridegroom soke very hansomly and ye bide better than could be expected before so great an ascembly. I had ye honour to wate on them home at night”.

Rebecca Osgood (London) [name of addressee torn away] Account of wedding attended by many persons of quality, including the Duchess of Marlborough. - Friend Betty Good has been ill. - have been moving.
Note in mid-19th century ? hand: Rebecca Osgood of Crutched Friars, born 1 July 1695. died 25 July 1783., buried at Winchmore Hill,- daughter of Salem & Alma Osgood. The Wedding referred to was apparently between Silvanus Bevan & Eliz. daughter of Daniel Quare, an eminent clockmaker in London, 10. Nov.

Bedfordshire and Luton Archives -  HW/85/75  21 Jan 1715/6

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Silvanus Bevan and his new wife moved into 2 Plough Court, Lombard Street, City of London in November of 1715

Elizabeth Bevan nee Quare died leaving no children, their son died a few hours after birth. Silvanus II married a second time to Martha, , by whom he had no children.

Elizabeth Bevan died in childbirth a year later, giving birth to their child, a boy who died hours later.

Silvanus Bevan II remained alone at Plough Court for two years before marrying Martha Heathcote daughter of Gilbert Heathcote of Culthorpe, Derbyshire in 1719.  They remained childless.

Silvanus Bevan was elected a fellow of the Royal Society on 9 December 1725.

In 1725 his brother Timothy Bevan (1704 - 1786) was apprenticed to him and obtained his freedom on 6 April 1731, and is known to have been in partnership with him 1736. “ Silvanus and Timothy Bevan, Apothecaries, Lombard St, appearing in the London Directory of that year.

In 1725 Silvanus Bevan II took over the lease of 2 Plough Court. Lombard Stret

See my next blog entry for more on the family of Alexander Pope, the Bevan brothers and Plough Court.

Silvanus II and Timothy Bevan Apothecaries were also listed in:

Kent's Directory for the Year 1753. 20th edn., 1753, KENT, Henry. London
Kent's Directory for the Year 1755. 22nd edn., 1755, KENT, Henry. London

Kent's Directory for the Year 1759. 26th edn., 1759, KENT, Henry. London

The Universal Pocket Companion. 3rd edn., 1760. London, Printed for C. Hitch, L. Hawkes, R. Baldwin, G. Keith, & J. Rivington

From Website : FamilyHTML/History%20of%20the%20Tone%20Family%20(HTML).htm

………Of this family was Charles Hay, apothecary of London, residing in St. Mildred, Poultney, heir to Samuel Hay, carpenter, of Edinburgh, Nov. 2, 1708, and who married, Sept. 9, 1706, Judith, daughter of Mathew Forster, ‘vintner’ of London. Adam Hay, brother of Charles, married, 1707, Elizabeth, daughter of Sylvanus Bevan, chemist, of St. Mildred, and when she died Aug. 8, 1728, Adam Hay emigrated to New York, where on May 15, 1732, Dr. of Physick, Adam Hay, mortgaged to Sylvanus Bevan, Citizen and apothecary of London, for the payment of £236. one fifth of the 148th part of the Province of East New Jersey.

Timothy Bevan married on 8 Sept. 1735 at Bull & Mouth Quaker Meeting House, Elizabeth, daughter of David Barclay. They had three children - Timothy II, Silvanus III and Prescilla all born at Plough Court. Elizabeth Barclay died in Hackney on 30 Aug 1745.

In 1720, aged 15, William Cookworthy had walked to London from Kingsbridge in South Devon  (where he was born) to take up an apprenticeship with Silvanus and Timothy Bevan. After his apprenticeship he went to Plymouth, five years later, to create the pharmacy business Bevan and Cookworthy (denoting the partnership which they had set up). Although Silvanus and Timothy were members of the Society at this time neither was a shareholder in the Navy Stock at Apothecaries’ Hall and they felt that they could undercut the company to their own financial advantage. The Bevans proposition to the Commissioners in 1742 claimed that they had a large magazine of drugs and medicines already in Jamaica which they would sell at 35 per cent less than the equivalent from the Hall. Another option was to supply the Commissioners direct from Plough Court at prices 20% below those charged by the Navy Stock. Neither bid was actually taken up. Cookworthy then bought out the Bevans’ interest in the Plymouth venture in 1745. The Friends’ connection was evident here too, for William Cookworthy became a strict Quaker minister.

 At the outbreak of the Seven Years’ War (1756 - 1763) the business of the Apothecary Society’s Navy Stock company (founded 1703) was challenged by the apothecary, William Cookworthy (1705-1780) who succeeded in obtaining the contract for the hospital ship at Plymouth. The Commissioners of the Sick and Wounded Board were unmoved by the protests of the Master and Wardens of the Society (representing the Navy Stock) and Cookworthy continued to supply the navy from his highly successful Plymouth business in Notte Street.

This info from Dee Cook - Archivist - Society of Apothecaries - 14 Feb 03.

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Notes on -William Cookworthy - He was born at Kingsbridge, in South Devon, on 12th April 1705. His father was a weaver and a member of the Society of Friends (Quakers). He attended the local school and was always a keen student. Later  he would study science and languages, and could translate from Latin and French into English. His father died in 1718 and in 1720 the "South Sea Bubble" reduced the family wealth.

At 15 he walked to London to take an apprenticeship with Timothy and Sylvanus Bevan (chemists). At 20 he went to Plymouth to create the business of Bevans and Cookworthy, the pharmacy being in Notte Street. The business prospered and in 1745 he bought out the Bevans' interest. In 1735 he married Sarah Berry. Her early death, in 1745, left him with five daughters to bring up.

William was also a strict Quaker minister. In 1767 he translated the mystic Swedenborg's "Doctrine of Life". He became an important person in Plymouth society. His large house in Notte Street being visited by people such as Dr Johnson, Captain Cook and the engineer Smeaton. Who stayed with him during the construction of the Eddystone lighthouse

It is not known when his interest in porcelain began. Pere Entrecolles' account of Chinese methods was published, by Du Halde, in 1736. By 1748 he had discovered china clay and china stone, at Tregonnin Hill, in Cornwall. Later he would find other deposits in the parish of St Stephens, on land owned by Thomas Pitt. Pitt was born in 1737, became the first Lord Camelford in 1784, died in 1793, and would be an investor in the porcelain venture. Any involvement, by Cookworthy, with porcelain experiments outside of Plymouth can be discounted. Trials of porcelain manufacture, on a very small scale, had begun by 21st December 1766. He had to find out how to process the raw materials, make a suitable glaze and fire the porcelain. He also made a blue pigment using Cornish cobalt.

A patent was granted on March 17th 1768. Brancas-Lauragais already held an English patent, from June 1766, but it neither mentioned the materials nor method of manufacture, and it does not seem to have affected Cookworthy. Cookworthy's patent gave him exclusive use of china clay and china stone, which would later cause a problem for Richard Champion. William Cookworthy retired from business in 1773 and died on 17th October 1780.

Cookworthy had built a successful pharmacy and appeared to have lost little of his own money in the porcelain venture. Champion had started from a superior social position, but succeeded in nothing. His handling of the Bristol factory seems to have been questionable, for example paying too much for the raw materials

A small porcelain factory was opened in Plymouth in 1768, financed by local men, including Cookworthy, and a group of Quakers from Bristol.  Some of the blue and white china produced was exported to America. The factory closed in 1770 due to there being insufficient skilled people, but the work was transferred to Bristol. Cookworthy oversaw porcelain manufacture there until 1773 when he decided to sell his interest in the factory and his patent rights to his business partner and cousin, Richard Champion. Cookworthy continued to receive a royalty on every item made.
When Richard tried to renew Cookworthy’s patent in 1777, Josiah Wedgwood and other potters in Staffordshire raised objections and although the patent formula was upheld, the cost of the legal battle crippled the Company. Richard sold the formula in 1782 to the Staffordshire based New Hall Porcelain Company.

On Jan 1752/3 Timothy Bevan I married again to Hannah Gurney of the Quaker banking family of Norwich. They had one son Joseph Gurney Bevan born 1753/4, who eventually took over the business at Plough Court in 1775.

A few 18^th Century notices in the Press Regarding the Bevans and the Plough Court Pharmacy.

Penny London Post or The Morning Advertiser. (London, England), Friday, August 28, 1747; Issue 676. -   Last Thursday was married at Mordern College. Mr Edmund Stevens, an eminent brewer at Deptford to Miss Jenny Bevan of Lombard Street, niece of messieurs Sylvanus and Timothy Bevan, a most agreeable young lady of fine accomplishments and a very considerable fortune

Daily Advertiser. (London, England), Saturday, July 2, 1774; Issue 13582 Wanted for the West Indies two young men bred to physick and surgery, well qualified and of good character to serve a physician and surgeon of extensive practise, terms advantageous and must engage for four years. Apply to Timothy Bevan Druggist Lombard Street.

Daily Advertiser. (London, England), Friday, April 7, 1775; Issue 13821 Reference to the annual feast of London Hospital in Mile End Road -Timothy Bevan, Steward.

Some Correspondence of Silvanus Bevan.

In May 1743 he sent a letter to the Royal Society which was printed in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society entitled An account of the Extraordinary case of the Bones of A a Woman growing Soft and Flexible communicated to the Royal Society by Mr Silvanus Bevan.

In a Quaker Postbag, Mrs Godfrey Locker Lampson. 1910. mentions

Letters of William Penn to Sir John Rodes, 1693, 1694; to John Gratton, 1695; to Sir John Rodes, 1697; to John Gratton, 1699.- Letters of Martha Rodes to her son, 1690-1713.- Letters of Henry Gouldney, 1690-1725. -Letters of John Tomkins, 1694-1703.- Letters of Silvanus Bevan, 1719-1742.

It contains a number of letters written by various prominent Quakers to Sir John Rodes the Quaker baronet of Barlborough Hall, Derbyshire.There are two letters written by Silvanus Bevan II. The first dated 16 August 1719 was written to his brother in law Cornelius Heathcote, the writers father in law had been thrown from his chariot near Highgate ‘about ten o’clock, fifth day night last, on his return from seeing a patient by which he received a violent contusion of the brain and died in about half an hour. It commences -

‘I am sorry the first occasion of my writing to thee since my being in your family should be on so melancholy an occasion’ showing that he had not long been married to Martha Heathcote.

The second letter was to Sir John Rodes and is dated 15 March 1742 written to cheer him up after’an extreme fit of sickness.

‘I hope thou receivedv the hamper of wine safe, the Clarett, Hermitage, Burgundy and Champagne I had of a French wine Marcht., who engaged to put in the best. The old Madeira 30 years old, the Canary and Cyprus 18 years old were out of my own cellar and the Usquebach is a present of Dr Meads and is very old and the best, which he recommended as a good remedy for those constant vomiting thou was then attended with’.

A footnote adds ‘I intend to send thy watch (which has been ready some time) by Joseph Broadbent, here has been a great deal done to it and the repeating part is repaired’

See Through a City Archway...

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Later Sylvanus Bevan II is described as Dr Bevan and seems to have practised as a physician from his house in Hackney. A contemporary writer described the house and garden.

“In his house a variety of curious paintings and rich old china and a large library containing books on most subjects, several of the first printed ones in ethics, latin folios exactly imitating the written character of those days. A superb garden wherein its soil are all manner of flowering plants, vegetables fruit trees and flowering shrubs. He has a curious collection of fossils and has a knack of carving likeness in wood beyond any man in the kingdom”

See Plough Court... P.14 n.17. Info from The letters of Lewis, Richard and John Morris” of Anglesey. Transcribed from the original and edited by the principal J.H.Davies, MA. U.C.W. Aberystwyth. 1907.Letters between the famous 3 Morris brothers from Anglesey/Sir Fon.Llawer o'r llythyrau yn Gymraeg, wrth reswm.

Another extract - Last Sunday of all Sundays, the atmosphere sultry and airless, early that day I travelled to the village of Hackney and was introduced to the famous Silvanus Bevan, the Quaker F.R.S.. Very great welcome by him, living well on good food and drinks. Walked in the beautiful garden where there is in the earth every kind of flowers, plants and vegetables, also fruit trees and flowering shrubs etc., the noble statue of the gladiator mentioned by Pliny to have been found in Britain and other curious figures. An area by the garden with a variety of poultry, mostly foreign, two shells from India to hold water for them, weighing each about 300 lbs. In the house a variety of curious paintings and rich old china, and a large library containing books on most subjects several of the first printed ones in ethics, latin folios exactly imitating the written characters of those days: can speak Welsh fluently.

Greatly desirous of being acquainted with British Antiquities, but never saw British MSS, was surprised we had any. Wished that he could be fairly convinced that the Saxons borrowed their letters from us A hundred of other subjects we talked about I am to see him again and to get him Powells Caradog if possible.

He says his intellects are as strong as ever and has pleasure in reading a book now as he was when a young man. He was bred a chymist and apothecary, but has practised as a physician for many years. Now he is retired from all business. He is a bachelor (widower) and his brother who has a family of children keeps on the trade at the old shop in Lombard St. He is visited by most great men of taste, also by the ministry, being one of the leading men amongst the Quakers ... I wish I had known him sooner.

Notes on the Portrait Busts by Silvanus Bevan.

From H.Tait. Wedgwood, Flaxman and an English eighteenth century portrait carver, Silvanus Bevan, Proc. Wedg. Soc. III, 1959, pp.126 -32.

Much of this information gleaned from The Monthly Record, 15 March 1873, no 46, Vol.IV.

A self portrait by Silvanus Bevan in Hone stone was in the possession of Micheal Waterhouse a direct descendant of Silvanus Bevan pasted on the back of the frame is a note in the handwriting of Mary Waterhouse (1805 - 80) who was the only daughter of Paul Bevan (1783 -1868) and who married Alfred Waterhouse Senior in 1829.

“Silvanus Bevan of Hackney and Plow Court, Silvanus Bevan married daughter of Dan Quare at Gt. Ch.:St meeting. Wm Penn and many others present - see wedding certificate.

Busts and certificate given to Mary Waterhouse by her father 16 4 mo 67 but the certificate is at this date 7mo 69 in her brother W B.’s possession. Silvanus Bevan carver of theses busts

29 - 1 a double one making XXX

See Royal Institute of British Architects Library

Waterhouse family, architects: architectural papers, incl papers of Alfred Waterhouse, Paul Waterhouse and Michael Waterhouse.

This document illustrates that there was some thirty busts including a double portrait in the collection of Mary Waterhouse the daughter of Paul Bevan of Swansea (1705 - 65) who was the youngest brother of Silvanus Bevan II.

In the Monthly Record of 15 March 1873, Daniel Hanbury quoting from a conversation with Paul Bevan said that there were 24 busts but the identity of only five or six were known. William Penn. Dr Mead, Dr Pemberton, Sir Isaac Newton and Sir Hans Sloan. 

After the death of Mary Waterhouse these 29? busts were dispersed through the family or otherwise disposed of. In 1959 Mr Micheal Waterhouse still possessed 4 as illustrated in the Wedgwood Soc. Article but the identity of the others would appear to be lost.

The bust of William Penn (1644 - 1718) then in the possession of Micheal Waterhouse is now the only known reliable portrait of Penn. Silvanus Bevan was certainly acquainted with him and Penn was a witness at his wedding. In July 1916 (lot 143) Christies sold a plaster cast of this bust (executed after his death at 74 from memory) in a glass case with letter respecting same” This lot was purchased by Huggins for £1 .10s.

There is an engraving in the Crackerode Collection ( P.4 - 152) executed by John Hall, London. 1773. And is engraved” drawn by du Simetiere from a bust in alto relievo done by Silvanus Bevan said to be a good likeness, Philadelphia, October 1770”.

It also states “Engraved by order of the Honourable Richard Penn, Governor of Pennsylvania etc., second son of Richard Penn who was fourth son of William Penn, first proprietor and founder” This must be the bust that perished in the fire at the Loganian Library in the 1860’s.

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A letter dated 9 October 1779 (Wedgwood Museum Archive No.E.18929-26 from Josia Wedgwood at the Etruria Work, Staffs to his partner Bentley in London.

“I have a letter from our good friend Mr More (Secretary to the Society of Arts) with the mould of a very poor head of the famous Penn which we shall do the needful with and return the mould as desired. Mr More says “I have been reproached (& I don't love reproach) that the person to whom I was obliged for the other heads has not got casts of them, I shall be glad therefor if you order one or two sets of them to be made in biscuit for me to give to the person I had them from, Mr Bentley says they may be easily made in biscuit, if so, let me beg that the whole number be sent to me”

I do not now recollect why, but I was fully persuaded that Mr More had casts of the heads mentioned, however as that is not the case, I will make some sets of Biscuit if you chose that he should have those, rather than the jaspar; but there is so little difference in the expense to us, between one and the other and so evident and great difference in the value, and consequently in the complement. That I should prefer jaspar to give away and if you will give what you have, we will make you more.”

Wedgwood produced the jaspar portrait medallion of William Penn in about 1780.

The other heads which Mr More complained of not receiving the casts of, must be the ones referred to in a letter written nearly a year earlier by Josiah Wedgwood, Wedgwood Museum, Archive No.E. 18860 - 26.

To Mr Bentley

Etruria 8 Nov. 1788.

"Mr Moore has been so good as to send me some casts from a number of carvings in ivory of the heads of Drs Mead, Sloan, Pemberton, Woodward and some others. Pray who is Dr Pemberton".

Note: Samuel More (1725 - 99). Secretary of the Royal Society of Arts 1769 - 1799. Friend of Wedgwood who made a medallion of him - Collection Wedgwood Museum. See Wedgwood the portrait medallions .p.251.

Part of a letter To Lord Kames from Benjamin Franklin 

January 1760.

My dear Lord, London, Jany. 3. 1760.

 ............

Your Lordship's kind Offer of Penn's Picture is extreamly obliging. But were it certainly his Picture, it would be too valuable a Curiosity for me to think of accepting it. I should only desire the Favour of Leave to take a Copy of it. I could wish to know the History of the Picture before it came into your Hands, and the Grounds for supposing it his. I have at present some Doubts about it; first, because the primitive Quakers us'd to declare against Pictures as a vain Expence; a Man's suffering his Portrait to be taken was condemn'd as Pride; and I think to this day it is very little practis'd among them. Then it is on a Board, and I imagine the Practice of painting Portraits on Boards did not come down so low as Penn's Time; but of this I am not certain. My other Reason is an Anecdote I have heard, viz. That when old Lord Cobham was adorning his Gardens at Stowe with the Busts of famous Men, he made Enquiry of the Family for a Picture of Wm. Penn, in order to get a Bust form'd from it, but could find none. That Sylvanus Bevan, an old Quaker Apothecary, remarkable for the Notice he takes of Countenances, and a Knack he has of cutting in Ivory strong Likenesses of Persons he has once seen, hearing of Lord Cobham's Desire, set himself to recollect Penn's Face, with which he had been well acquainted; and cut a little Bust of him in Ivory which he sent to Lord Cobham, without any Letter of Notice that it was Penn's. But my Lord who had personally known Penn, on seeing it, immediately cry'd out, Whence came this? It is William Penn himself! And from this little Bust, they say, the large one in the Gardens was formed. I doubt, too, whether the Whisker was not quite out of Use at the time when Penn must have been of the Age appearing in the Face of that Picture. And yet notwithstanding these Reasons, I am not without some Hope that it may be his; because I know some eminent Quakers have had their Pictures privately drawn, and deposited with trusty Friends; and I know also that there is extant at Philadelphia a very good Picture of Mrs. Penn, his last Wife. After all, I own I have a strong Desire to be satisfy'd concerning this Picture; and as Bevan is yet living here, and some other old Quakers that remember William Penn, who died but in 1718, I could wish to have it sent me carefully pack'd in a Box by the Waggon (for I would not trust it by Sea) that I may obtain their Opinion, The Charges I shall very chearfully pay; and if it proves to be Penn's Picture, I shall be greatly oblig'd to your Lordship for Leave to take a Copy of it, and will carefully return the Original.

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Wedgwood the Portrait Medallions 

by Robin Reilly and George Savage. pub. Barnes and Jenkins. 1973.

Page 63. Double relief plaque of Silvanus Bevan, and Martha Bevan.

From the cast of an ivory carving by Silvanus Bevan sent with the casts of his portraits of Hulse, Mead, Pemberton, Sloan, Woodward, and the similar double portrait of Timothy and Elizabeth Bevan to Etruria by Samuel More in 1778. The Mould marked Mr And Mrs Beaven (sic) was unrecognised until the medallion illustrated was produced from it in 1972.       Collection Wedgwood Museum, Barlaston.

Double relief plaque of Timothy Bevan (1704 - 86) and Hannah Bevan (d.1784).

The medallion is marked on the back - Wedgwood and Bentley and inscribed Tim Bevan & wife. Probably unique . See Letter Wedgwood Archives No.E. 18860 - 26.

From private collection - photo Sotheby's.

 Page 236. Dr Richard Mead. Illustrated Ivory by Silvanus Bevan, Wax after Bevan by Flaxman, in British Museum and Wedgwood jaspar medallion at Wedgwood Museum Barlaston..

A few notes on Dr Richard Mead - Born at Stepney. Nephew of Quaker William Mead, Educated at Eton, followed his father to Holland in 1683, studied medicine at University of Utrecht under Graeviius, went to Leiden and then University of Padua. Back in England in 1693 practising medicine in Stepney. Appointed physician and lecturer to St Thomas Hospital in 1703..........

Admitted fellow of the College of Physicians in 1716. Attended Queen Anne in her last illness. Fellow of the Royal Society and experimented with inoculations against smallpox in 1721. In 1727 became physician to George II. In 1744 became President of the College of Physicians. Patronised by the Kings of France and N MEAD, RICHARD (1673—1754), English physician, eleventh child of Matthew Mead (1630—1699), an Independent divine, was born on the 11th of August 1673 at Stepney, London. He studied at Utrecht for three years under J. G. Graevius; having decided to follow the medical profession, he then went to Leiden and attended the lectures of Paul Hermann and Archibald Pitcairne. In 1695 he graduated in philosophy and physic at Padua, and in 1696 he returned to London, entering at once on a successful practice. His Mechanical Account of Poisons appeared in 1702, and in I703 he was admitted to the Royal Society, to whose Transactions he contributed in that year a paper on the parasitic nature of scabies. In the same year he was elected physician to St Thomas’s Hospital, and appointed to read anatomical lectures at the Surgeons’ Hall. On the death of John Radcliffe in 1714 Mead became the recognised head of his profession; he attended Queen Anne on her deathbed, and in 1727 was appointed physician to George II., having previously served him in that capacity when he was prince of Wales. He died in London on the 16th of February 1754.

 Besides the Mechanical Account of Poisons (2nd ed, 1708), Mead published a treatise Dc imperio solis ci lunae in corpora humana et morbis inde oriundis (1704), A Short Discourse concerning Pestilential Contagion, and the Method to be used to prevent it (1720), De variolis et morbillis dissertatio (1747), Medica sacra, sive de morbis insignioribus qui in bibliis memorantur çommentarius (1748), On the Scurvy (1749), and Monitci ci praecepia niedica (1751). A Life of Mead by Di- Matthew Maty appeared in 1755.

aples. He accumulated a valuable art collection and library. A collected edition of his works published in 1772.

Monument carved by Roubiliac is in Westminster Abbey.

 Page 259. Isaac Newton from a carving by Silvanus Bevan.

Brooklyn Museum. The Emily Winthrop Miles Collection.

Page 270. Dr Henry Pemberton (1694 - 1771). From the cast of an ivory carving by Silvanus Bevan supplied by Samuel More in 1778.

English physician who studied at Leiden University under Boerhaave, acquired knowledge of Anatomy in Paris Returned to Leiden in 1719 taking M.D. Was friends with Newton and Mead

Medallion at Brooklyn Museum. Emily Winthrop Miles Collection.

Page 271. William Penn (1644 - 1718). From an ivory carving by Silvanus Bevan. The only known reliable portrait of Penn

Medallion at Brooklyn Museum. Emily Winthrop Miles Collection.

Page 309. Sir Hans Sloan R.S. (1660 - 1753). From the cast of an Ivory by Silvanus Bevan supplied by Samuel More Nov. 1778.

President of the Royal Society.

Nottingham Museum & Art Gallery.

Page 345. Dr John Woodward (1665 - 1728). From a cast of an ivory by Silvanus Bevan supplied by Samuel More in 1778.

Wedgwood Museum.

Appendix III, Page 360.

from - The History of the Pennsylvania Hospital 1751-1895,
by Thomas G. Morton, published in Philadelphia by the Times Printing House in 1897.

 page 13:  - On July 2d, [1751] the Managers met at the Widow Pratt's Royal Standard Tavern. After  some Discussion on the Choice of a Piece of Ground on which to erect the Hospital, they adjourned and went in a body to view several places near "the Town" (1) which were thought suitable for a location. They eventually agreed upon one particular lot belonging to Thomas and Richard Penn, the Proprietaries, on the south side of Mulberry (now Arch) Street, from Ninth to Tenth Streets and extending 360 feet in depth southward from Mulberry Street....This particular piece of ground having been selected, the Managers drafted the following address, and forwarded it to Thomas Hyam and Sylvanus Bevan, their agents in London, to be by them presented to the Proprietaries.

Silvanus Bevan II died on 5 June 1765.

In 1766 the name of the company was changed to Timothy Bevan and Sons, Druggists and Chemists, Plow Court, Lombard Street.

In 1767 however Silvanus Bevan III, the son of Timothy Bevan I left the drug business and became a partner in the Quaker Barclays Bank.

Timothy Bevan II, the son of Timothy I, died in 1773. His widow Amelia went on to marry John Perkins the manager and then partner of Silvanus Bevan III, and David Barclay in Thrales Anchor Brewery, Southwark. The building at Plough Court retained its early Quaker connections becoming Allen and Hanbury the pharmaceutical company.

Timothy Bevan died in 1788