Sunday, 29 June 2025

Three Henry Cheere Monuments at Winchester Catherdral, Old Alresford Hants and Fifehead Magdalen, Dorset.

 


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These three remarkable monuments by Henry Cheere each deserve a post of their own but to save time I will post them here.

All three monuments are notable for the extremely fine quality of the carving, the excellence of the design and the use of the rare and expensive veneers of Sicilian Jaspar and Brocatella marbles.

All photographs taken by the Author.


The Monument to Dean Thomas Cheyne (d.1760) in Winchester Cathedral,

and the monument to Jane First Lady Rodney (d. 1757) at Old Alresford, Hants.

and the Newman Family Monument in the Newman Chapel at Fifehead Magdalen, North Dorset.


1. Monument to Dean Thomas Cheyne (d 1760).

Designed by Henry Cheere.

Winchester Cathedral.

For the shear exuberance of the carving there is little to equal it.

The full flowering of the Rococo in a Church Monument.














The Iconography should be compared with the Roubiliac Monument to Mary Myddleton at Wrexham. 


https://bathartandarchitecture.blogspot.com/2018/10/roubiliac-monuments-in-wrexham-church.html



































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The Monument to Jane Rodney (1730 - 57).
nee  Compton

Wife of George Bridges Rodney (1718 - 92). Rear Admiral of the Blue.

She died in childbirth aged 27 leaving two young sons.

St Mary's Church.

Old Alresford. Hampshire.

For an useful short biography of the family see -


This was a very difficult monument to photograph - the light was very low and I had no access to stepladders etc.

The monument is very dirty - I would advise a gentle wash with a little dilute Fairy Liquid.

I suspect that the staining of the bust has been caused by a liberal application of bird or bat poo in the past





























































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The Monument to Sir Richard Newman and his family.

c.1750.

Designed by Henry Cheere.

St Mary Magdalen Parish Church, Fifehead Magdalen. North Dorset.

As in most of my posts regarding Henry Cheere - I have to voice my suspicions that Henry Cheere whilst a very good designer and consummate business man not to say social climber was not the actual sculptor of the works that are attributed to him but employed a large workshop in Palace Yard Westminster and also subcontracted much of the work - Thomas and Benjamin Carter provided much of the decorative elements of his chimneypieces.

The three busts were carved by a different hand to the reliefs which don't exhibit the same degree of skill.

Sally Strachey's report states

"The inscription was originally carved with the dates of the daughters’ deaths empty. These were then carved in as each one passed away. In total there are four letter cutters hands at work here. With the letter cutting being light, the monument was in place when this was done" see -




This was another difficult monument to photograph but in this case because of too much light - making it very difficult to obtain a good overall photograph at the time (late afternoon).




This is the last and grandest of the Newman monuments in the Newman chapel which was installed around 1750 to commemorate Sir Richard Newman (1676 - 1721) and family - 

his wife Frances (nee Samwell: d. 1730).

his son Sir Samwell Newman (b.c1696 -1747) who never married and died intestate. 

and his three daughters: Frances (d. 1775), Barbara (d. 1763) and Elizabeth (d. 1774).

Sir Richard Newman 1st Baronet MP JP DL (c. 1675-1721), of Evercreech Park, was MP for Milborne Port in 1701.

 

 Sir Richard Newman Bt (d.1721) was the eldest son of Richard Newman (d.1695) of Evercreech Park and Fifehead. He was educated at Sherborne,and Pembroke College, Oxford.


http://newman-family-tree.net/Col-Richard-Newman-of-Fifehead.html

 On 1 June 1696 Sir Richard Newman married Frances, daughter of Sir Thomas Samwell, 1st Bt, and had three sons and four daughters.

The Newman Chapel  dates back to around 1693 when it, and the vault below, were built by Richard Newman (1620 - 1695). 


The vault below the chapel is believed to contain the remains of several members of the Newman family who lived in the long-demolished Fifehead Manor that was situated next door to the church. 

Richard's father Richard (1584-1664) and his grandfather Thomas (c.1560-1649), are memorialised on the chapel's east wall, while his son Richard (1650-1682) is memorialised on the west wall. 

On the north wall of the Newman Chapel is the magnificent monument designed Henry Cheere, and made in his Westminster workshop c. 1750.

It commemorates Richard's grandson Sir Richard Newman Bart. (1675-1721), his wife Frances and their four children.

Richard Newman is said to have taken the rank of Colonel during the English Civil War and to have assisted King Charles Il to escape capture by Cromwell's soldiers after the Battle of Worcester in 1651, however no evidence supporting either legend has been found. 

Richard Newman purchased the freehold of the Fifehead estate following the restoration of King Charles in 1660, perhaps with money received from the King as a reward for service. 

Hitherto the estate had been leased through four generations of Newmans from the Abbey of St Augustine's of Bristol over the preceding 130 years; the families connection with the village goes back much further, to a John Newman who was Rector of Fifehead from 1405 to 1408.

It is odd that the chapel's builder, Richard (1620-1695), has no memorial in his chapel. 

Some 50 years after his death, Sir Henry Cheere's grand monument was installed on the north wall, and it has been suggested that it replaced a previous monument.


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The Newman Family History.

For an invaluable website detailing the history of the Newmans see - http://www.newman-family-tree.net/


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The Newmans in Old Palace Yard Westminster.


Henry Cheere owned a house next door to the Newman family in Old Palace Yard, Westminster and knew them well, and therefor their busts might represent accurate likenesses.


There are three references to Newman properties in Westminster


Sir William Honeywood was son-in-law to Richard Newman of Fifehead (1620-1695). 

The History of Parliament's website describes Sir William as "m. 15 July 1675, Anna Christiana (d. 1736), da. of Richard Newman of Tothill Street, Westminster and Fifehead Magdalen, Dorset". This is the only reference  that places Richard in Tothll Street. Perhaps it has the name wrong and Tothill Street should read Tufton Street.

 

Richard Newman of Evercreech Park 1650 - 1682, left a will in which he stated that he will "give unto my wife Mrs Grace Newman my House in Tufton street in the City of Westminster".

 

His father Richard Newman 1620-1695 left a later will saying: "I give and bequeath unto the said Sir William Honeywood and Peter Walter and to their Executors Administrators and Assigns for and during the remainder of my tenure therein All? those? my four Messuages or Tenements with their appurtenances situated in Tufton Street in the Parish of St Margaret Westminster? in the several occupations of myself, Francis Holles Newman my son, Edward Scott my Son in Law and heretofore of one Mrs Corfe". It went on to say "I give and bequeath unto my said daughter in law Mrs Grace Newman the house wherein she now dwells situate in Tufton Street aforesaid". It sounds from these extracts that the family possessed four (or even five) messuages or dwellings in Tufton Street.

 

Raymond Mercier also reported that Richard Newman 1620-1695 had a dwelling in Tufton Street which was probably inherited by his son. It may also have been owned by his father Richard Newman of Fifehead d.1664 since it appears to be he that is described in the purchase contract for Evercreech Park as Richard Newman of the City of Westminster. [My own view is that it was Richard (1620-1695) that purchased Evercreech Park, but I may be wrong. CJEN 2023]

 

Old Palace Yard:- In an Act of Parliament drawn up in 1754 to empower a committee of the estate of Elizabeth Kitchen to make leases during her lunacy, mentions the four children of Sir Richard Newman of Evercreech, viz: Sir Samwell, Frances, Barbara and Elizabeth, living in a tenement at the Old Palace Yard, Westminster. The Act describes the dwelling in quite disparaging terms: "Freehold Messuage or Tenement, in the said Parish of Saint Margaret, Westminster, is in such a decayed and ruinous State and Condition, that it will be absolutely necessary to pull down, rebuild, or substantially repair, the same: But it is apprehended, that no Person will take a Lease thereof, for the Purpose aforesaid, without having a long Term of Years granted of the said Premises."


Before restoration, it was clear that the dates of the deaths of Sir Richard's three daughters were painted on after the monument's completion whereas Sir Samwell's death in 1747 was recorded in the original text. It can therefore be deduced that the memorial was commissioned by one or all of the daughters sometime after the death of  Samwell in 1747 and before Barbara's death in 1763. 








I would suggest that the three busts were sculpted by a different and much more accomplished hand to that of the three reliefs.

The three portrait reliefs are very unusual in that they depict the three daughters who did not die until some time after the making of the monument.






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The Restoration of the Newman Monument.

Carried out in 2018.

For the excellent and comprehensive report by Sally Strachey Historic Conservation see 






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The Mural Monument to Richard Newman and Thomas Newman.

On the East Wall of the Newman Chapel.

1664.

Sizes - Height 135.5 cm x width 60 cm.



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Richard Newman (1650 - 1682).

Aged 32 - he predeceased his father Richard Newman d. 17

Restored mural monument on the West Wall of the Newman Chapel recording the removal of his leaden coffin to the vault.









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Fifehead Manor.

History of Dorset. pub 1870. p58 notes that "The Mansion, in part taken down about 1806 and the remainder converted into a farm house, was perhaps situated in as pleasant a spot as any in the county of Dorset, on a gentle eminence surrounded by avenues of lofty elms, commanding on the east a picturesque view of Stour Provost



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